Flexible Waveguide Basics: Types, Benefits & Applications

This page explains the basics of flexible waveguides, including different types, applications, benefits, and advantages.

What is a Flexible Waveguide?

A flexible waveguide is a type of waveguide that allows for a certain degree of movement without disrupting the propagation of radio signals through microwave waveguide-based transmission systems.

Flexible waveguide

Function: When rigid waveguide systems are not positioned accurately, flexible waveguides are used to connect them. Similarly, they’re often used to connect an antenna to the transmitter part of a wireless system when their positions are not fixed. Flexible waveguides allow for mechanical movement (expansion and contraction) and can handle vibration.

Types of Flexible Waveguides

Here are the common types of flexible waveguides:

1. Flexible & Twistable
2. Flexible & Non-Twistable
3. Flexible Seamless

Types 1 and 2 are typically made from a helically wound brass strip that is silver plated. Protective jackets are often added for mechanical support. The flexible and twistable type is electrically sealed and offers the best twistable performance. However, it can only handle limited pressure and requires a jacket for pressure sealing. It’s also not suitable for low PIM (Passive Intermodulation) applications.

The third type, the flexible seamless waveguide, is made from a thin-walled tube that is pressed to form convolutions, allowing it to flex. It’s not twistable.

Functions and Benefits of Flexible Waveguides

Here’s a breakdown of the functional benefits:

• Connecting Misaligned Parts: Flexible waveguides are used to connect waveguide parts that are not positioned accurately, which would be difficult with rigid waveguide sections.
• Handling Mechanical Movement: They can handle mechanical movement caused by vibration, force, etc.
• Saving Maintenance Time: You don’t have to dismantle entire waveguide systems. Only parts or portions can be replaced with flexible waveguide sections.

Important note: Using flexible waveguides introduces insertion loss, which needs to be accounted for in the link budget.