RFEdge Computing vs. Cloud Computing: Key Differences Explained
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This article compares edge computing and cloud computing, highlighting their differences and use cases. A tabular comparison is provided for a quick overview.
Introduction
Cloud computing has become a staple for processing, analyzing, and storing data generated by client devices. However, the explosion of IoT (Internet of Things) devices has led to a massive surge in data generation. The traditional cloud computing model struggles to handle this immense data volume due to limitations in latency, bandwidth, and overall capacity.
Edge computing has emerged as a solution by processing data at the source, determining whether it needs to be transported to the cloud. This approach reduces bandwidth usage on data networks.
What is Cloud Computing?
Cloud Computing Models
- Cloud computing provides convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable resources such as servers, network infrastructure, storage, and applications.
- It is characterized by essential features, service models, and deployment models.
- Cloud services are accessible from anywhere, at any time.
- In a cloud computing environment, a “fog layer” does not exist. End devices communicate directly with cloud servers and storage devices.
For a more detailed understanding, refer to a comprehensive Cloud Computing tutorial.
What is Edge Computing?
Edge computing optimizes the cloud by moving compute resources closer to the data source. It delivers computing capabilities at the network’s edge to enhance performance, reduce operating costs, and improve the reliability of applications and services.
Edge computing utilizes nodes where data processing occurs, known as “Edge Nodes.”
Edge Computing Architecture
Image Courtesy : IEEE
Edge computing finds applications in various fields, including:
- Surveillance
- IoT (Internet of Things)
- Autonomous Vehicles
- Industry 4.0
- Healthcare
- Financial Services
Difference Between Edge Computing and Cloud Computing
The following table outlines the key differences between edge computing and cloud computing:
| Requirement | Cloud Computing | Edge Computing |
|---|---|---|
| Latency | High | Very Low |
| Delay Jitter | High | Very Low |
| Location of Service | Within the Internet | At the edge of the local network |
| Data Load Requirement | Large and continuous | Small and intermittent |
| Data Scalability | Easy to scale | Less scalable compared to cloud and fog computing |
| Control | Centralized/Hierarchical | Distributed |
| Data Security | Higher probability of attack during data transfer | Data is checked at the edge, reducing attack risk |
| Service Access | Headquartered on a main server | At the edge/ on an edge device (e.g., smart sensor) |
| Cost per Device | More | Very low |
