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GPRS: Advantages and Disadvantages

gprs data communication mobile communication network wireless technology

This page explores the benefits and drawbacks of GPRS (General Packet Radio Service).

What is GPRS?

GPRS is a 2.5G technology, sitting between 2G (GSM) and 3G (UMTS). It brings packet-switched data capabilities to mobile networks.

Here are some key features of GPRS:

  • Uses 1 to 8 radio channels in the 200 kHz frequency band.
  • Employs packet switching for data transfer.
  • Suitable for voice and medium-speed data.
  • Offers data speeds up to 171.2 Kbps.
  • Extended GPRS (EGPRS or EDGE) boosts speeds up to 384 Kbps.

GPRS Network Architecture GPRS Network Architecture

Advantages (Benefits) of GPRS

Here are the main advantages of GPRS:

  • GSM Compatibility: GPRS reuses the same air interface elements as GSM (TDMA/FDMA, bursts, frame structure). It utilizes normal bursts and access bursts as defined by GSM. The frame structure is a single 52-frame multiframe (for both traffic and signalling) unlike GSM’s dual structure of 26-frame multiframe for traffic and 51-frame multiframe for signaling.

  • Easy Deployment: Since GPRS builds upon existing GSM infrastructure, it’s relatively straightforward to deploy. Figure 1 illustrates the GPRS network architecture. The core network elements are the SGSN (Serving GPRS Support Node) and the GGSN (Gateway GPRS Support Node).

  • Mobile Data Access: GPRS enables data services like web browsing and email on mobile devices without requiring broadband internet access. It offers seamless and instant connectivity to the internet.

  • Usage-Based Billing: Users are charged only when data is sent or received. Furthermore, charges are based on the amount of data transferred, making it cost-effective.

  • Widespread Availability: GPRS is available on almost all mobile devices, providing wireless internet access to a broad user base.

  • Simultaneous Voice and Data: GPRS allows simultaneous use of both voice and data services. So, you can have a phone call while browsing the internet.

  • Suitable for Low-Bandwidth Applications: The relatively lower data speeds of GPRS are ideal for applications that don’t require high bandwidth and prioritize privacy/security.

Disadvantages (Drawbacks) of GPRS

Here are the limitations of GPRS:

  • Slow Data Rates: The data rates (171.2/384 Kbps) are considerably slower compared to modern wireless standards such as HSPA, LTE, and LTE-Advanced.

  • Network Congestion: When many GPRS users in the same area utilize the service simultaneously, it can lead to congestion and slower data connection speeds.

  • Limited Troubleshooting: Troubleshooting GPRS issues can be difficult. Typically, GPRS services are either working or not working, with limited intermediate diagnostic options.