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SMS Network Architecture and Key Elements

sms
gsm
network architecture
mobile communication
short message service

This article covers the following aspects of SMS:

  • SMS basics and types
  • SMS network and elements
  • SMS MO (Mobile Originated) and MT (Mobile Terminated) call flow
  • SMS versus MMS

SMS Network Elements

The SMS network in GSM is composed of the following network elements:

  • SMSC (Short Message Service Center)
  • HLR (Home Location Register)
  • MSC (Mobile Switching Center)
  • VLR (Visitor Location Register)
  • BSC (Base Station Controller)
  • BTS (Base Transceiver Station)
  • MS (Mobile Station) or UE (User Equipment)

SMS Transmission

SMS messages are carried by the signaling channel (specifically, SDCCH - Standalone Dedicated Control Channel) on the air interface between the MS and the BTS. From there, the SMS is transported using the SS7 signaling protocol through the BSC, MSC/VLR, and finally to the SMSC.

SMS Basics and Types Explained

SMS Basics and Types Explained

Learn about SMS basics, including network elements, MO/MT call flow, SMS types (P2P, A2P, P2N, I2P), and the difference between SMS and MMS.

sms
mobile communication
gsm
Comprehensive GPRS Tutorial

Comprehensive GPRS Tutorial

Explore GPRS, a packet-switched technology for data connections over GSM networks. Learn about its architecture, frame structure, channels, and more.

gprs
gsm
packet switching
GSM Architecture: Understanding the 2G Network

GSM Architecture: Understanding the 2G Network

Explore the GSM (2G) architecture, including Mobile Station, Base Station Subsystem, and Network Switching Subsystem, with detailed diagrams and explanations.

gsm
network architecture
mobile communication

GSM vs. GPRS: Understanding the Key Differences

Explore the fundamental differences between GSM and GPRS technologies, focusing on their architecture, timeslot allocation, traffic types, and network elements.

gsm
gprs
mobile communication