Test-and-Measurement » 5G NR Inter-Layer and Cross-Layer Issues: Root Causes and Solutions

5G NR Inter-Layer and Cross-Layer Issues: Root Causes and Solutions

5g nr inter layer cross layer protocol testing network testing

The following are common 5G NR test cases for inter-layer and cross-layer issues, including their failures, root causes, and solutions/suggestions.

Failure Case #1: Inter-Layer Timing Mismatch

Root Causes:

  • Incorrect timer configurations between PHY, MAC, and RLC layers.
  • Asynchronous operation due to clock drift.
  • Software bugs in cross-layer communication.

Solutions/Rectifications:

  • Ensure tight synchronization between protocol layers using proper timing configurations.
  • Regularly test and validate inter-layer procedures under different network conditions.
  • Optimize timers to match operational requirements and prevent desynchronization.

Failure Case #2: Inconsistent State Between Layers

Root Causes:

  • Misalignment in state management between MAC, RLC, and PDCP layers, causing lost or duplicate PDUs (Protocol Data Units).

Solutions/Rectifications:

  • Implement robust state management procedures to maintain consistency across layers.
  • Ensure proper inter-layer communication and signaling to prevent state mismatches.
  • Use cross-layer optimizations to align protocol behavior based on network conditions.