WiMAX vs. WLAN (WiFi): Key Differences and Technical Specifications

WiMAX and WLAN (WiFi) are both technologies primarily used for data communication, but they differ significantly in range and application.

WiMAX boasts a much greater coverage area (up to 50 km) compared to WLAN (around 30 meters). WiMAX stands for Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access.

WiMAX

A WiMAX network is composed of WiMAX base stations and WiMAX subscriber stations. The placement of these base stations, much like in GSM and CDMA cellular technologies, depends on RF link budget considerations and other factors.

WiMAX devices adhere to IEEE standards:

• 802.16-2004 (802.16d, OFDM)
• 802.16e-2005 (802.16e, OFDMA)

WiMAX can achieve data rates of approximately 70Mbps when using higher-order modulation schemes like QAM.

The 802.16d version is often called “fixed WiMAX,” while the 802.16e version is known as “mobile WiMAX.”

WLAN (WiFi)

WLAN stands for Wireless Local Area Network. It essentially extends a traditional LAN (Local Area Network) using advanced wireless devices. These wireless devices within a WLAN are referred to as WLAN routers, WLAN Access Points, or WLAN stations.

WLAN devices are developed according to the IEEE 802.11 standards, encompassing variants like 802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g, 802.11n, 802.11ac, and 802.11ad. These different versions of the 802.11 standard continue to evolve to support higher data rates and bandwidths.

WLAN has gained more popularity than WiMAX due to lower infrastructure costs and its ease of application. Unlike WiMAX, WLAN is intended for smaller coverage areas, making it ideal for use in organizational premises, buildings, restaurants, and hotels. Nowadays, many malls, cafes, and restaurants offer WiFi service, allowing visitors to use the internet via WiFi hotspots (also called WiFi kiosks).

Technical Specification Differences

Here’s a table summarizing the major technical differences between WiMAX and WLAN: