Wi-Fi Direct: Definition, Applications, and Advantages

This article explains the basics of Wi-Fi Direct, including its applications and advantages. Wi-Fi Direct facilitates a direct, point-to-point Wi-Fi connection over a WLAN link.

It allows Wi-Fi-enabled devices to communicate directly without needing an access point (AP) or router. The AP functionality is built into the Wi-Fi Direct compliant device itself.

There are two main types of Wi-Fi Direct configurations: one-to-one (also known as P2P) and one-to-many, as illustrated in Figure 1.

Figure: Wi-Fi Direct Configurations

The figure above depicts a one-to-one configuration between a Wi-Fi Direct phone and a printer. This allows a user to print documents directly from their phone to the printer, without needing a laptop. In this scenario, the phone acts as the group owner.

The figure also illustrates a one-to-many configuration. Because legacy WLAN devices can work with Wi-Fi Direct, it’s easy to create an all-in-one group. Here, not all devices need to be Wi-Fi Direct compliant to operate together. A single Wi-Fi Direct certified device can act as the group owner, allowing any device to connect to the network without needing a Wi-Fi hotspot or Wi-Fi AP. The example shows a laptop connected to a desktop, printer, and camera.

A group is established after the Wi-Fi Direct connection is created. Once the group exists, other devices can join in a similar way to joining an AP (Access Point). Devices can also be invited by the group owner or a Wi-Fi Direct device already in the group. The invited device decides whether or not to join.

Benefits and Advantages of Wi-Fi Direct

Here are some of the key benefits and advantages of Wi-Fi Direct:

• No Access Point Needed: A dedicated access point isn’t required.
• Easy Setup: Only one device needs to be Wi-Fi Direct compliant to establish a connection/group.
• Simple Network Setup: Network setup is generally simpler compared to a typical Wi-Fi setup.
• No Internet Connection Required for Data Transfer: Devices can transfer data directly without needing a Wi-Fi hotspot.
• Versatile Device Connectivity: Mobile phones, cameras, printers, PCs, and game consoles can connect directly to transfer content and share applications.
• Easy Connection Establishment: Wi-Fi Direct connections can be established with the touch of a button.
• Fast Data Transfer: Data can be transferred at speeds comparable to WLAN compliant devices.