Active vs Passive Frequency Multiplier: Key Differences

This page compares Active Frequency Multiplier Vs Passive Frequency Multiplier and mentions the difference between Active Frequency Multiplier and Passive Frequency Multiplier.

Introduction

The basic function of a frequency multiplier is to multiply an input frequency by some multiplication factor. It’s used to extend the output frequency range or output signal bandwidth. The multiplication factor can be x2, x3, x4, x6, and so on.

There are two main types of frequency multipliers, based on their internal components: active and passive. For example, a frequency multiplier with an input of 5 GHz can produce an output as a multiple of that input frequency. Hence, it can generate 10 GHz, 15 GHz, and so on, based on the multiplication factor.

Passive Frequency Multiplier

Image alt: Passive Frequency Multiplier

A frequency multiplier that generates an output with a power level less than the input power is called a passive multiplier. The loss in power level is known as conversion loss. The figure above depicts the internal components of a passive frequency multiplier.

Here are the specifications of a passive multiplier:

• Input frequency
• Output frequency
• Multiplying factor
• Output power and flatness
• Conversion Loss
• Harmonic Rejection
• Operating temperature

Active Frequency Multiplier

Image alt: Active Frequency Multiplier

A frequency multiplier that generates an output signal with power greater than or equal to the input power is called an active multiplier. The increase in power level through an active multiplier is known as conversion gain.

The figure above depicts the internal components of an active frequency multiplier.

Here are the specifications of an active multiplier:

• Input frequency
• Output frequency
• Multiplying factor
• Output power
• Conversion Gain
• Spurious Rejection
• Output Harmonic Rejection
• Operating temperature