RFAC vs DC: Understanding the Key Differences
ac
dc
alternating current
direct current
current
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This article compares AC (Alternating Current) and DC (Direct Current), outlining their fundamental differences.
AC | Alternating Current
AC stands for Alternating Current. In AC, the magnitude of the current varies over time, typically following a sinusoidal waveform. This means the electrons flow first in one direction and then in the opposite direction, effectively alternating their flow.
Examples:
- Electricity mains supply is a sine wave AC.
- Electric heaters and lamps can operate on either AC or DC. However, devices like radios and TVs require DC for signal processing and battery charging.
DC | Direct Current
DC stands for Direct Current. In DC, the magnitude of the current remains constant over time. Unlike AC, electrons in a DC circuit flow in only one direction.
Examples:
- Cells and batteries produce DC voltages and currents.
AC vs DC: A Detailed Comparison
The following table summarizes the key differences between AC and DC:
| Features | AC | DC |
|---|---|---|
| Full form | Alternating current | Direct current |
| Electric charge direction | Charge or current changes direction periodically | Charge or current flows in one direction only |
| Travel distance | It is safe to transfer AC over long distances. | It can not be trasmitted over long distances due to loss of energy. |
| Frequency | AC frequency varies as per country, in india it is 50 Hz and in US it is 60Hz. | It is zero for DC. |
| Current magnitude | Varies with time | constant |
| Source | AC generator or AC mains | Cell or battery |
| Resistive parameters | Impedance resistive only | resistive only |
| Power Factor | It lies between 0 and 1 | It is always one. |
