Active vs. Passive GPS Tracking: Key Differences Explained

This article explores the differences between active and passive GPS tracking systems. We’ll delve into how each type works, their respective use cases, and a comparison table highlighting their key features.

Introduction

GPS tracking systems come in various forms, primarily categorized as active, passive, and hybrid, based on how they relay collected GPS data to the user.

Active GPS Tracking

Active GPS tracking involves transmitting collected GPS data to the user’s device (e.g., phone, computer) in near real-time using cellular or other wireless connectivity.

• It provides immediate updates on the GPS device’s location through a dedicated mobile or web application.
• These applications usually allow users to configure various settings, such as update frequency.
• Active GPS tracking delivers location data almost instantly, allowing users to track people or objects as they move, especially useful when they cross predefined “geofence” boundaries.

Figure: Active GPS Tracking System

Example Use Cases:

• Joggers and Mountaineers: Tracking distance, pace, and route.
• Parents: Monitoring teenage driving habits and ensuring safety.
• Fleet Managers: Keeping track of employee driving behaviors and vehicle locations.

Passive GPS Tracking

Passive GPS tracking continuously collects GPS data but doesn’t transmit it in real-time. Instead, the data is stored directly on the device’s internal memory. This type is often referred to as a “data logger.”

• To access the information, the GPS device needs to be physically connected to a computer.
• Once connected, the stored data can be downloaded and analyzed using specialized software.
• This method is known as “Delayed Location-Based Tracking.”
• The data is not immediately available for viewing in real time.

Example Use Cases:

• Tracking Elders: Caretakers can review the movements of elderly individuals.
• Locating Missing Children: Useful in situations where real-time tracking isn’t immediately necessary but a historical record is.
• Analyzing Teen Driving: Parents can assess driving behavior after a trip.
• Pet Tracking: Recovering lost pets and reviewing their movements.
• Drone Recovery: Finding lost or crashed drones.
• Fleet Management: Gaining insights into driver routes and vehicle usage patterns, even without real-time monitoring.

Hybrid GPS Tracking

Hybrid GPS tracking offers a blend of both active and passive functionalities. Under normal circumstances, data is tracked less frequently than with active GPS. However, in emergencies, like when a device breaches a geofence, it automatically switches to active mode, providing real-time location updates.

Difference between Active GPS tracking and Passive GPS tracking

The following table summarizes the key differences between active and passive GPS tracking based on various factors: