Microwave Transistor vs. TED: Key Differences

This article highlights the key differences between microwave transistors and TEDs (Transfer Electronic Devices), both of which are solid-state devices used in microwave applications.

Microwave Transistor

• Microwave transistor devices include BJTs, FETs, HBTs, and tunnel diodes designed for microwave frequencies.
• Charge Carriers: Both electrons and holes are involved in the electrical transport within the device.
• Structure: Transistors incorporate junctions or gates to control current flow.
• Materials: Commonly fabricated using elemental semiconductors like Germanium (Ge) and Silicon (Si).
• Electron Energy: Operates with “warm” electrons, implying lower energy levels.
• Applications:
  • S and L band RF transmitters.
  • L and S band high-speed switching devices.
  • Microwave amplification and oscillation circuits.
  • Memory and switching devices.
• Advantages:
  • Low cost.
  • Low power supply requirements.
  • Small size.

TED (Transfer Electronic Device)

• TEDs encompass Gunn diodes, LSA diodes, and InP diodes.
• Electron Transfer: The fundamental principle involves the transfer of electrons from a lower conduction valley to an upper satellite valley within the semiconductor’s energy band structure.
• Structure: TEDs are bulk devices, meaning they lack junctions or gates found in transistors.
• Materials: Typically made from compound semiconductors like Gallium Arsenide (GaAs) and Indium Phosphide (InP).
• Electron Energy: Operates with “hot” electrons, indicating higher energy levels.
• Applications:
  • L, S, C, and X band amplifiers and oscillators.
  • RF transmitters.
  • Radar systems.
• Advantages:
  • Low noise.
  • High gain.
  • Low power consumption.
  • High reliability.
  • Lighter weight.

Key Differences Summarized