mmWave Isolator Basics and Types for 5G Applications

This application note covers mmWave isolator basics, specifications, and types. It also mentions features of 5G mmWave Isolators from popular manufacturers.

What is a mmWave Isolator?

Definition:

• An isolator is a non-reciprocal device that allows electromagnetic (EM) signals to pass in only one direction while absorbing EM waves traveling in the opposite direction.
• mmWave Isolators are isolators specifically designed to operate within the millimeter wave frequency ranges.
• The millimeter wave frequency spectrum spans from 30 GHz to 300 GHz. These frequencies are used in various applications such as millimeter wave imaging, mm wave scanners, medicine, radar, 5G cellular, etc.
• The mmWave bands used in 5G wireless technology are listed in the table below.

Types of mmWave Isolators

mmWave Isolator types include Faraday Rotation Isolator, Cryogenic Isolator, and Drop-In Isolator based on their design and construction.

Key Specifications

The following specifications are considered before selecting a mmWave Isolator for desired applications:

• Flange Type (EIA)
• Frequency Band (GHz)
• Insertion Loss (dB)
• Isolation (dB)
• Max. Power (Watt)

5G mmWave Isolator Manufacturers

Here are some manufacturers of mmWave Isolators:

• MECA: MECA has developed a mmWave isolator with part number IK-29.000. Its specifications include 0.5 dB Insertion loss, 22 dB Isolation, and a 27 GHz to 31 GHz frequency of operation. They are distributed by RFMW Ltd.

• JQL Electronics: JQL Electronics produces mmWave isolators and circulators in SMT series. They are available in various frequency bands such as 18 GHz, 28 GHz, and 40 GHz. They offer isolation up to 20 dB and insertion loss of about 0.7 dB.

• Micro Harmonics: Micro Harmonics, founded in 2008, is a popular manufacturer for ferrite components which perform at mmWave frequencies and beyond. The mmWave isolators from Micro Harmonics offer low insertion loss and superior isolation specifications. Following are some of the offerings in different bands from Micro Harmonics:

  • WR-12 : 60 to 90 GHz
  • WR-10 : 75 to 110 GHz
  • WR4.3 : 170 to 260 GHz
  • WR3.4 : 220 to 330 GHz
  • WR2.8 : 265 to 400 GHz
  • WR2.2 : 330 to 500 GHz